Candaba Swamp is located in the municipality of Candaba, Pampanga, 60 km northeast of Manila. The swamp encompasses about 32,000 ha, composed of freshwater ponds, swamps and marshes surrounded by seasonally flooded grasslands. During the wet season, the entire area becomes submerged underwater, but dries out during the months of November to April, when the swamp is converted to farmland by the locals. Rice and watermelon are usually planted, comprising the vegetation of the flood plain, together with patches of nipa palm and some mangrove species.
The swamp is an extremely important staging and wintering area for thousands of migratory birds, particularly during the months of October through April. Rare migratory birds, such as seven purple swamphens (Porphyrio porphyrio), Chinese pond herons (Ardeola bacchus), and black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax), are included in the list of species documented in the swamp by birdwatchers. In 1982, about 100,000 ducks (Anatidae) were observed in a single day, a record for any site in the Philippines.
Because of its biodiversity, and because there are few other places close to Metro Manila that support such a range of wildlife, the swamp is a favorite spot for birdwatching, conservation education, and other nature-oriented outdoor activities. In order to protect the area, the swamp has been declared a bird sanctuary, under close monitoring by the DENR and the local government. Regulations include a permanent ban on hunting and strict management of land use.







